Recycled Aggregate Concrete as a Layer and Its Effect on the Performance Index of Reinforced Concrete Beam

Robert Bennett Ataria; John Ayibatunimibofa TrustGod

Robert Bennett Ataria Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
John Ayibatunimibofa TrustGod Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria

Keywords: Aggregates, Beam, Bending Strengths, Recycled, Reinforcement, Two-Layer

Abstract

Concrete, widely used in construction, faces environmental challenges due to its reliance on natural aggregates and high carbon emissions. This study explores the potential of Recycled Aggregate Concrete (RAC) as a sustainable alternative, focusing on its use in two-layer reinforced concrete (RC) beams. By using RAC, derived from crushed concrete waste, as a layer in the beam, the study investigates how it affects the performance index, a measure that includes strength, deflection, and overall durability. The research involves twelve two-layer and six single-layer RC beams, each subjected to bending tests. Beams were divided into six groups: two single-layer beams cast with 100% recycled aggregates (RG) and 100% crushed natural aggregates (CG), and four two-layer beams (CR-50, RC-50, CR-30, and RC-30) with different ratios of recycled and natural aggregates. Key findings reveal that the CG beams, made with natural aggregates, had the highest load capacity and stiffness, while beams with recycled aggregates exhibited lower strength and stiffness but comparable deflection behavior. The study concludes that layering RAC with conventional concrete in less stressed regions can preserve structural integrity while promoting sustainability. However, using RAC alone, particularly in the tension zone, may reduce the beam's load-bearing capacity. The findings suggest that RAC, when used strategically, can enhance the environmental performance of concrete structures without severely compromising their mechanical properties.

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