Effects of Anthropogenic Activities on Water Quality Parameters of Iju Stream, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria

Adewoye Alade Olanipekun; Daniel Uwumarogie Idusuyi; Oluwatobi Oluwaseun Aiyelokun; Femi Alao; Opeyemi Bayode; Quadri Opeyemi Saka; Adewale Samson Adeyi

Adewoye Alade Olanipekun Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Bells University of Technology, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
Daniel Uwumarogie Idusuyi Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Bells University of Technology, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
Oluwatobi Oluwaseun Aiyelokun Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
Femi Alao Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Bells University of Technology, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
Opeyemi Bayode Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Bells University of Technology, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
Quadri Opeyemi Saka Department of Building Technology, College of Building Technology, Bells University of Technology, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
Adewale Samson Adeyi Department of Building Technology, College of Building Technology, Bells University of Technology, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria

Keywords: Anthropogenic activities, Physico-chemical parameters, Coliform count, Surface water, Water quality

Abstract

When solid and liquid wastes enter into water sources unchecked, the water becomes unfit for consumption. When human beings consume such water, they are at risk of waterborne diseases such as dysentery, typhoid and cholera. Therefore, this study investigated the effects that the anthropogenic activities happening around Iju Stream Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria have on the water quality collected from the stream. Three water samples each were collected across the stream (upstream, midstream and downstream) in three different months of 2024 (January, April and August), making a total of nine samples. Samples were collected during both rainy and dry seasons for data to be representative enough. Physico-chemical and microbial parameters were analysed in compliance with American Public Health Association (APHA) (2018) guidelines. Results obtained were compared with World Health Organization (WHO) (2022) standards for drinking water quality. Physico-chemical and microbial results obtained for upstream, midstream and downstream sections in January, April and August respectively were; pH (7.4, 7.6, 8.8); Turbidity (6.7, 6.7, 7.9); Electrical conductivity (122, 131, 131), Nitrate (39, 36, 43), Phosphate (24, 27, 46), Calcium (14.8, 18.6, 20.8), Magnesium (22.6, 25.7, 24), Chloride (10, 13.8, 14.2), Temperature (28 ⁰C, 29 ⁰C, 31 ⁰C), Total dissolved solids (61, 68, 65.9), Dissolved oxygen (8.1, 9.2, 9.9), Hardness (37.4, 39.5, 44.6), Colour (2.80, 3., 3.25), Salinity (7.81, 8.2, 9.04), Manganese (0.01, 0.10, 0.09), Zinc (0.14, 0.14, 0.21), Copper (0.13, 0.19, 0.21), Iron (0.05, 0.09, 0.16), Biochemical oxygen demand (1.09, 1.14, 1.38) and Coliform count (130, 133, 151 cfu) in mg/l. Analysed water samples substantially failed to meet the minimum WHO requirements for drinking water quality. This work is applicable in the protection of surface water for public use and consumption, to preserve public health and prevent waterborne diseases.

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