Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factor Studies of Newcastle Disease (NCD) in Small-Scale Poultry Farms of North Shewa, East Shewa, Arsi and W/Arsi Zones of Oromia Regional State

Dimshasha Tolera; Shawol Warku; Tadalech Kabada

Dimshasha Tolera
Shawol Warku
Tadalech Kabada

Keywords: chicken, districts, Newcastle disease, risk factors, seroprevalence

Abstract

A cross-sectional study on seroprevalence of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) antibodies in backyard and small-scale chicken producer farms in Lume, G/Jarso, Tiyo and Shashamane districts was conducted using I-ELISA from June, 2019 to August, 2019. A total of 488 chicken sera were randomly collected from kebele of selected districts. I-ELISA test was used to analyze 488 chicken sera for NDV antibodies and the overall seroprevalence rate of 69.05% was found. A higher seroprevalence of 23.16% was observed in Lume district when compared to Tiyo (29.05%), Shashamane (13.93%) and G/Jarso (12.91%) districts. Chi-square computed statistical analysis indicated that origin (χ2=62.0944; p<0.05) was the major risk factors for NCD infection in the studied areas. The difference, however, was not statistically significant (p>0.05) for sex (female/male), breed (exotic/cross/indigenous (local)) and type of chicken. Multivariable logistic regression statistical analysis revealed that origin and type (layers/broilers) were significantly associated with NCD seropositivity (p<0.05). Consequently, origin was statistically identified to be the major risk factor for NCD to occur in relation to other factors. The study showed that majority of the chicken population in the studied area was susceptible to the pathogenic NDV infection. Therefore, more proactive measures should be taken to protect the chicken population from ND infection to reduce its economic impact to the poultry industry and it is good to take correct diagnosis like seroconversion test for further investigation.

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