Research of Diptera (Insecta: Muscomorpha) and Their Parasitoids (Insecta: Hymenoptera Parasitica) Collected in a Forest Area in Brazil

Carlos Henrique Marchiori

Carlos Henrique Marchiori

Keywords: Biocontrol, Flies, Forensic Entomology, Natural Enemies, Public Health

Abstract

The objective of this study was to carry out a survey of the orders Diptera (Insecta: Muscomorpha) and Hymenoptera Parasitica (Insecta: Hymenoptera) in the forest area of Brazil. The study was carried out on a farm, located in the municipality of Goias, Midwest region, Brazil, from March to April 2015. Adult flies were collected using traps constructed with a matte black can. Fish, bovine kidneys, human feces and chicken viscera (300 g) deposited inside the cans, on a layer of earth, served as bait to attract the flies. After this sand was sieved (15 days after it was placed in the field), the pupae were extracted, and later placed individually in glass flasks, to obtain flies and/or parasitoids. A total of 734 pupae of flies were collected 89 specimens of parasitoids. The percentage of muscoid Diptera collected were Fannia pusio (Wiedemann, 1830) (Diptera: Fanniidae) (44/735) with 6.0%, Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius, 1794) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) (14/735) with 1.9%, Oxysarcodexia thornax (Walker, 1849) (67/735) with 9.0%, Musca domestica L., 1758 (Diptera: Muscidae) (274/735) with 37.3%, Ophyra aenescens (Wiedemann, 1830) (Diptera: Muscidae) (46/735) with 6.3%, Tricharaea occidua (Fabricius, 1794) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) (60/735) with 0.8% and Peckia chrysostoma (Wiedemann, 1830) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) (230/735) with 31.3%. Two species of parasitoids were obtained: Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae (Rondani, 1875) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) (25/89) with 28.1% and Brachymeria podagrica (Fabricius, 1787) (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae) (64/89) with 71.9%. The total percentage of parasitism was (89/735) 12.1%. In relation to the substrates: Bovine kidneys presented a percentage of parasitism (2/89) of 2.2%, chicken viscera (46/49) 51.7%, human feces (34/89) 38.2% and fish (7/89) 7.9%. This information contributes to studies aimed at the prevention of what can be transmitted by these insects’ diseases as well as to the formulation of more effective methods of control.

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